<- Democracy Direction Index
IND / 2026

India

Institutional erosion

deterioration

2026 development data - not published research

14/25
Institutional score

The score supports the assessment. It does not compute the status on its own.

Judicial independence3 / 5

Courts retain formal independence but face concerns about deference, appointments and uneven protection of rights.

Media freedom2 / 5

Independent journalism operates under significant legal, political and economic pressure.

Electoral integrity4 / 5

National elections remain competitive and consequential, supporting a relatively stronger electoral score.

Civic space & human rights2 / 5

Civil-society organisations and dissent face legal and administrative restrictions.

Checks & balances3 / 5

Checks exist but executive-party dominance reduces their practical strength.

Confidence: high. Confidence reflects evidence quality and assessment certainty, not democratic quality.

Direction analysis

The trajectory remains negative. Elections continue to matter and opposition forces can win power, but executive dominance and constraints on media and civil society lower institutional resilience.

What changed

Freedom House rates India Partly Free at 62/100, down from 63, while V-Dem continues to place India within the broader global autocratization trend.

RETHINKK assessment

RETHINKK classifies India as institutional erosion with normal-speed deterioration: electoral competition remains meaningful, but liberal-democratic safeguards have weakened.

Evidence

  • Freedom HouseFreedom in the World 2026 - India2026-03-19 / 2026-08-30Source ->Supports: judicialIndependence, mediaFreedom, electoralIntegrity, civicSpace, checksAndBalances
  • V-Dem InstituteDemocracy Report 2026: Unraveling The Democratic Era?2026-03-17 / 2026-08-30Source ->Supports: judicialIndependence, mediaFreedom, electoralIntegrity, civicSpace, checksAndBalances

History

2026erosiondeterioration